ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING ARCHITECTURES AND MODELING METHODS OF THE CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS FOR SMART GRIDS
Abstract
The definition and main characteristics of cyber-physical systems and smart grids are considered by the authors. The cyber-physical system is a "system of systems", where complex and heterogeneous systems interact continuously, and therefore, the general architecture of such a system requires careful design. The main challenges in modeling cyber-physical systems arise due to the heterogeneous nature of the system, the parallelism of different physical processes and sensitivity to time. Abstractions of physical and computational components differ by the physical nature of these components, granularity and the required level of detail. This makes existing approaches to modeling insufficient for the simulation of cyber-physical systems.
A detailed review of the relevance of this subject and the main directions of development in this field was carried out in the paper. A review and analysis of modeling methods for cyber-physical systems with focus on physical and cybernetic subsystems was done by the authors. The research of existing architectures and methods of simulation of cyber-physical systems for smart grids has revealed the presence of a rather high number of research in the area, but the lack of standardized approaches to architecture and modeling of such systems. All currently available modeling methods and approaches to designing cyber-physical systems are specific to researcher's domains.
In addition, the authors carried out a study on the feasibility of the introduction of a smart grid in the Zaporizhzhya region, considering it as one of the leaders in the energy industry in Ukraine because it has a presence in almost all types of energy sources – namely, nuclear, thermal, hydro, wind and solar. An overview of the prognoses of the world leaders of the area of cyber-physical systems and the main state programs aimed at the development of smart grids was carried out in the work. The importance of introducing a smart grid in the Zaporizhzhya region was proposed and justified by the autors.